Spruce
 
   
   
Latin Designation : Piceae abies
   
Origin: Middle, Southeast and Northern Europe
   
Size: Up to 30 m , ocasional up to 60 m
   
Log: Diameter 60 – 120 cm, free of knots
   
Age: 250 – 300 years , ocasional up to 600 years
   
Cutting age : 80-130 years , for thick logs up to 150 years
   
Wood Density : Dry density 0.30 – 0.64g per cubic centimeterRaw density 0.68 g / cubic centimeter
   
Tree description : Spruce shows a rapid growth and is widespread. It is the most important woodsupplier of local forest industry and due to the high results also called “Bread-Tree” of forestestates. Bark beetle and wet snow may causehigh damges .If grown up with other treesand cared for these forests are strong anddeliver good results. Their cones are hanging and fall down after ripening .
   
Wood description : Wood of spruce is white and has no core colour . Partial it is yellow – whitish up tored-white, depending upon cutting period .Planed surfaces show a silk tone .Wood is more pale red than timber wood.Annual rings are close together up to very wide depending upon area of forest cluture.Annual ring border lines are clearly visible.Ocasionally resin pockets exist.Due to fact that knots grown downwards sawn timber shows oval cuts.
   
Properties: Modest shrinking, good stability , weight isvarying strongly. as fresh cut wood has ahigh resin content . It is resitent against acidsand caustic solutions . Spruce wood is easy to process.
   
Durability: Fairly weather resistent, not resistant against fungi and insect disease.
   
Processing: Can be processed with all tools easily , is good to dry , easy to screw , split and nail.On surface treatment only polishing is a bitdifficult . Spruce is easy to stain and impregnate.
   
Applications: Multiple ues in building construction, and underground construction , for roof framing, , flooring boards , ceiling beams and facing boards. Further use is for plywood boards, cases, shuttering and veneer wood , for example for doors .